Role of Biochemical factors and Mineral Supplementation in Livestock ration for Maintenance of their Fertility and Healthy Reproductive Status: A Review

The biochemical components and factors like protein and enzyme components of follicular fluid like lipase, amylase and creatinine phosphokinase concentration show an increasing trend as the follicles mature, while some other components like Alpha-fetoprotein, Acid Phosphatase and Alkaline Phosphatase concentration decreases with increase in follicular size. Moreover, presence of amylase, lipase and CPK and their respective concentrations in the in the follicular fluid can also been detected. The micro-minerals play an important role in increasing pregnancy rates in apparently barren and reproductively abnormal mares. Provision of micro-mineral supplemented ration containing copper, zinc, iron and manganese during the vernal period of breeding cycle proves to be useful. The pregnancy rate increase significantly in micro-mineral supplemented livestock. Some mineral components of follicular fluid like Ca, P, Cu and Fe significantly increases as the follicles increase in size, while only Li, concentration significantly decreases with increase in follicular size. Therefore, it may enhance more success in reproduction, which may improve the certain macroand micro-mineral level in follicular fluid of oocytes.